Types of Tuberculosis and Factors Associated with Treatment Outcome and Mortality in the Obuasi Municipality of Ashanti Region, Ghana
Daniel Yeboah Asiamah,
Georgina Frimpong Siraa,
Obed Kumi,
Williams Domechele,
Philip Teg-Nefaah Tabong
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
127-131
Received:
Sep. 04, 2023
Accepted:
Sep. 19, 2023
Published:
Oct. 08, 2023
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) affects all persons in all countries of the world. Treatment outcomes remain a global indicator for measuring a country’s progress towards elimination of tuberculosis. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the distribution of TB by type and factors associated with treatment outcomes and mortality among a cohort of patients who received treatment for this disease between January 2015-December 2017 in the Obuasi municipality of Ghana. Results: The distribution of TB type were as follows: smear positive pulmonary TB (SPPTB), 50.0%, clinically diagnosed (smear negative) pulmonary TB 46.2%, extra-pulmonary TB 3.8% and 114 (19.83%) TB+HIV comorbidity. About 157 (27.30%) of TB patients were not screened for HIV. Successful treatment outcome rate was 77.20%. Unsuccessful treatment outcome rate was 22.80%; 7.90% defaulted, whereas 13.77% died, 0.90% treatment failure and 0.23% transferred out. In multivariable analysis, TB-HIV co-morbidity (aOR=3.37, 95% CI=1.50-7.57, p=0.003) was associated with unsuccessful treatment outcome and mortality (aOR=3.38, 95% CI=1.60-7.12, p=0.001). HIV infection reduced the likelihood of patient having successful treatment outcome whilst increasing the risk of mortality. Noncompliance with enhanced surveillance of screening all TB patients for HIV was common.
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) affects all persons in all countries of the world. Treatment outcomes remain a global indicator for measuring a country’s progress towards elimination of tuberculosis. Objective: The study was conducted to determine the distribution of TB by type and factors associated with treatment outcomes and mortality among a co...
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Research Article
Spatio-Temporal Trend of Water Related Diseases Incidence Across Campuses of Government Owned Tertiary Institutions in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Godspower Imiete,
Hope Chizia Ebenezer,
Meelubari Barinua Tsaro Kpang*
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
132-140
Received:
Oct. 04, 2023
Accepted:
Nov. 01, 2023
Published:
Nov. 21, 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijidt.20230804.12
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Views:
Abstract: The prevalence of water related sicknesses occurrence observed among students of Government owned tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt, Rivers State necessitated this study. The quasi- experimental research design was used and data relating to water related sicknesses were obtained from the archives of the health centres in the various institutions were. Water samples from the different sources of drinking water in the campuses investigated were collected and analyzed using standard laboratory techniques. The results revealed that there was a statistically significant variation in incidence of water related sicknesses at the various campuses spatially (TF- F= 12.071, p = 0.000; DL- F= 12.008, p = 0.000; DY- F= 9.017, p = 0.000; SR- F= 5.388, p = 0.004; AD- F= 3.037, p = 0.041) and on temporal basis (2018- F= 50.444, p = 0.000; 2019- F= 20.533, p = 0.000; 2020- F= 7.215, p = 0.001; 2021- F= 7.515, p = 0.001; 2022- F= 17.613., p = 0.000). The microbial content of the water samples revealed the presence of total coliforms, faecal coliforms and E. Coli showing that the water consumed on the campuses is not potable. It is evident that the status of available sources of water consumed has a significant correlation with the reported cases of water related illnesses amongst members of the university community. The recommendations made includes, immediate declaration of state of emergency on the water sources on the campuses, formation of an effective and sustainable water quality monitoring and assessment committee, encouragement of high level of personal hygiene among students, enforcement of University wide sanitation taskforce, and routine check and maintenance of septic tanks to watch out for possible leakages.
Abstract: The prevalence of water related sicknesses occurrence observed among students of Government owned tertiary institutions in Port Harcourt, Rivers State necessitated this study. The quasi- experimental research design was used and data relating to water related sicknesses were obtained from the archives of the health centres in the various institutio...
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