Research Article
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Associated Factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia
Rediet Ajebu Nurfeta
,
Tsion Habtamu Ababiya,
Nebiyou Yemanebrhane Woldeamanuele,
Robel Habtamu Ababiya,
Bezaye Lemma Deregasso,
Lijalem Abera Tema,
Selamawit Seifu Hailu,
Dereje Kebede Shane,
Bemnet Gossaye Teka,
Tsion Andrias Lechebo,
Saron Negasi Gidey,
Eleni Asfaw Kebede*
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
55-62
Received:
1 September 2024
Accepted:
18 September 2024
Published:
10 October 2024
Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, with treatment success rates consistently below the WHO target. Various factors contribute to poor treatment outcomes. Objective: To assess treatment outcomes for TB and associated factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) from 2017 to 2021. Methods: An institutional-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using TB logbook data. After bivariable analysis, clinically relevant variables and variables with a p-value < 0.2 were included in multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05. Results: The overall successful treatment outcome (cured or completed) was 197 (83.1%). Factors significantly associated with poor treatment outcomes included age group 35 to 44 years (AOR=4.663; 95% CI: 1.215-17.901), extrapulmonary TB (AOR=3.451; 95% CI: 1.172-10.16), and registration in 2019 (AOR=4.367; 95% CI: 1.2-15.87). Conclusion: The treatment success rate falls short of the national target of 85%, highlighting the need for targeted improvements in TB management. The associations with age and extrapulmonary TB emphasize the necessity for focused control measures. Strengthening targeted TB programs at ZMH is recommended.
Abstract: Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia, with treatment success rates consistently below the WHO target. Various factors contribute to poor treatment outcomes. Objective: To assess treatment outcomes for TB and associated factors at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH) from 2017 to 2021. Methods: An i...
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Research Article
Retrospective Investigation of Prevalence and Trends of STDs in Public Health Facilities in the Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia from July 2019-June 2020
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
63-70
Received:
5 September 2024
Accepted:
6 October 2024
Published:
28 November 2024
Abstract: There is a significant and rising occurrence of major treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in sub Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. The engagement of teenagers in sexual activities without parental oversight continues to pose a public health threat. This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence and trends of significant treatable STIs within our region. Methods: 3,500 patients with STI symptoms who were seen in all medical facilities between July 2019 and June 2020 were included in a retrospective cross-sectional study with descriptive statistics analysis to compare prevalence and trend measures by age group, sex, and month. Tables and bar graphs were used to present the results. Result: The data indicated a higher prevalence of STIs among males compared to females. The sexually active adult population exhibited a notable incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, with 52.7% of cases being male and 47.3% female. The specific STIs identified included genital candidiasis at 18.3%, hepatitis B at 16.9%, gonorrhea at 16.3%, hepatitis C at 13.6%, syphilis at 11.8%, genital herpes at 8.8%, genital warts at 7.5%, and Chlamydia at 6.8%. The incidence of syphilis showed an increase from 2.2% to 4.2% in 2020, while the trends for other STIs were more variable. Conclusion: Sexually transmitted diseases predominantly impact adults, with prevalence rates differing by gender and age group, and exhibiting a non-linear trend across most age categories. These findings offer essential insights into the epidemiological landscape of the country, suggesting the need for future prevention strategies that target adults at the highest risk for sexually transmitted infections.
Abstract: There is a significant and rising occurrence of major treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in sub Saharan Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. The engagement of teenagers in sexual activities without parental oversight continues to pose a public health threat. This study seeks to evaluate the prevalence and trends of significant treatable ...
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Research Article
Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Cuban Adolescents After COVID-19
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, December 2024
Pages:
71-84
Received:
28 August 2024
Accepted:
31 October 2024
Published:
29 November 2024
Abstract: Introduction: After COVID-19, an increase in the reporting of STIs in adolescent populations is observed. Objective: To characterize some behaviors related to sexual and reproductive health and STI prevention in a group of Cuban adolescents. Method: a cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with adolescents from 15 municipalities selected from the three regions of the country. Non-probabilistic quota sampling was applied due to the epidemiological conditions and restrictive measures imposed by the pandemic. An instrument with 77 closed and open questions was designed and validated to output the identified variables. Results: The use of any contraceptive method is not always part of the context of the first sexual relationship; it is often used after a first unwanted pregnancy, interrupted or not, or after suffering from an STI. Among the main reasons for not protecting yourself are trust in your partner and stability. Information and knowledge about STIs is insufficient. Some prefer to hide their diagnosis to avoid rejection or accusations. Discriminatory manifestations are observed towards people with STIs or HIV. Conclusions: COVID-19 constituted an adverse scenario related to the prevention of STIs in adolescents. Risky sexual practices were incorporated into this scenario of isolation and restriction of movement. It is imperative to incorporate innovative and attractive ways to protect sexual health and prevent STIs in Cuban adolescents.
Abstract: Introduction: After COVID-19, an increase in the reporting of STIs in adolescent populations is observed. Objective: To characterize some behaviors related to sexual and reproductive health and STI prevention in a group of Cuban adolescents. Method: a cross-sectional quantitative study was carried out with adolescents from 15 municipalities selecte...
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